The keys are a predetermined length – 128 bits, 192 bits or 256 bits long – and most often, the relative strength of the cipher can be determined with this detail. While most block ciphers are made up of 128-bit blocks, this isn’t necessarily the case, and the size of the blocks, and subsequently the keys, may vary. ![]() How does a block cipher work?īlock ciphers allow plaintext to be transformed into ciphertext via an encryption process using a special key. Through the use of a secret key, block ciphers can transform 128-bit blocks from plaintext to ciphertext and back again. A series of different mode operations may also be implemented to further protect the encrypted data.įurthermore, a block cipher makes use of two different algorithms – one for encryption and another for decryption. Block ciphers then encrypt this data, transforming it from plaintext to ciphertext. With the use of a fixed key, a block cipher encrypts groups of data in order to maintain maximum confidentiality and security.Įach block typically consists of 128 bits. Modern block ciphers are based on the design of an iterated product cipher. While they are effectively used in isolation, block ciphers are also commonly utilized as smaller components within other larger cryptographic protocols, making them an extremely valuable tool in the world of encryption. Block ciphers are frequently used to encrypt large amounts of data into data blocks. In contrast, other types of encryption methods tend to encrypt bits one by one. A block cipher encrypts bits, the smallest unit of computational information, in blocks.
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